[Java] Tic-tac-toe 게임으로 보는 MVC 패턴

MVC (Model  +  View  +  Controller)

---

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/tictactoe"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingTop="44dp"
    android:paddingLeft="16dp"
    android:paddingRight="16dp"
    android:gravity="center_horizontal"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <GridLayout
        android:id="@+id/buttonGrid"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:rowCount="3"
        android:columnCount="3">

        <Button
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:tag="00"
            android:onClick="onCellClicked" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:tag="01"
            android:onClick="onCellClicked" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:tag="02"
            android:onClick="onCellClicked" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:tag="10"
            android:onClick="onCellClicked" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:tag="11"
            android:onClick="onCellClicked" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:tag="12"
            android:onClick="onCellClicked" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:tag="20"
            android:onClick="onCellClicked" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:tag="21"
            android:onClick="onCellClicked" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:tag="22"
            android:onClick="onCellClicked" />

    </GridLayout>
    
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/winnerPlayerViewGroup"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:visibility="gone"
        tools:visibility="visible">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/winnerPlayerLabel"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textSize="40sp"
            android:layout_margin="20dp"
            tools:text="X" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/asdad"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:text="Winner" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnReset"
        android:layout_width="200dp"
        android:layout_height="70dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="40dp"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        android:text="Reset"
        android:textSize="20dp" />

</LinearLayout>

View 역할

 

activity_main.xml

 

 

 

 

 

 

model/Player.java

package com.jwsoft.model;

public enum Player {
    O,
    X
}

 

 

 

 

 

model/Cell.java

package com.jwsoft.model;

public class Cell {

    private Player value;

    public void setValue(Player value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    public Player getValue() {
        return value;
    }

}

 

 

 

 

 

 

model/Board.java

package com.jwsoft.model;

public class Board {

    private Cell[][] cells = new Cell[3][3];

    private Player winner;      // 승리한 사람
    private Player currentTurn; // 현재 차례 플레이어
    private GameState state;    // 게임 진행 상태

    private enum GameState { IN_PROGRESS, FINISHED }

    public Board() {
        restart();
    }

    public void restart() {
        clearCells();       // 모든 셀 초기화
        winner = null;
        currentTurn = Player.X;     // X부터 시작
        state = GameState.IN_PROGRESS;
    }

    private void clearCells() {     // 모든 셀 초기화
        for(int i=0; i<3; i++) {
            for (int j=0; j<3; j++) {
                cells[i][j] = new Cell();
            }
        }
    }

    public Player mark( int row, int col ) {

        Player playerThatMoved = null;      // 움직인 선수 초기화

        if(isValid(row, col)) {     // 해당 셀을 선택할 수 있으면

            cells[row][col].setValue(currentTurn);  // 해당 셀에 현재 차례의 선수 삽입
            playerThatMoved = currentTurn;      // 현재 차례 선수를 움직인 선수에 삽입

            if(isWinningMoveByPlayer(currentTurn, row, col)) {      // 승부가 났는지 확인
                state = GameState.FINISHED;
                winner = currentTurn;

            } else {
                // flip the current turn and continue
                flipCurrentTurn();      // 현재 차례 선수 바꿈.
            }
        }

        return playerThatMoved;
    }

    public Player getWinner() {
        return winner;
    }

    private boolean isValid(int row, int col ) {        // 해당 셀이 선택 가능한지 여부
        if( state == GameState.FINISHED ) {
            return false;
        } else if( isOutOfBounds(row) || isOutOfBounds(col) ) {
            return false;
        } else if( isCellValueAlreadySet(row, col) ) {      // 이미 선택된 셀이면
            return false;
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    private boolean isOutOfBounds(int idx) {
        return idx < 0 || idx > 2;
    }

    private boolean isCellValueAlreadySet(int row, int col) {
        return cells[row][col].getValue() != null;
    }

    private boolean isWinningMoveByPlayer(Player player, int currentRow, int currentCol) {

        return (cells[currentRow][0].getValue() == player         // 3-in-the-row
                && cells[currentRow][1].getValue() == player
                && cells[currentRow][2].getValue() == player
                || cells[0][currentCol].getValue() == player      // 3-in-the-column
                && cells[1][currentCol].getValue() == player
                && cells[2][currentCol].getValue() == player
                || currentRow == currentCol            // 3-in-the-diagonal
                && cells[0][0].getValue() == player
                && cells[1][1].getValue() == player
                && cells[2][2].getValue() == player
                || currentRow + currentCol == 2    // 3-in-the-opposite-diagonal
                && cells[0][2].getValue() == player
                && cells[1][1].getValue() == player
                && cells[2][0].getValue() == player);
    }

    private void flipCurrentTurn() {
        currentTurn = currentTurn == Player.X ? Player.O : Player.X;
    }

}

Model 역할 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MainActivity.java

package com.jwsoft.javaproject;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.jwsoft.model.Board;
import com.jwsoft.model.Player;


// Controller 역할.
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static String TAG = MainActivity.class.getName();

    private Board model;        // 모델 객체 생성 (Model)

    private ViewGroup buttonGrid;           // 뷰 객체 생성 (View)
    private View winnerPlayerViewGroup;     // 뷰 객체 생성 (View)
    private TextView winnerPlayerLabel;     // 뷰 객체 생성 (View)

    private Button btnReset;        // 뷰 객체 생성 (View)


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        winnerPlayerLabel = findViewById(R.id.winnerPlayerLabel);   // 뷰 객체 생성 (View)
        winnerPlayerViewGroup = findViewById(R.id.winnerPlayerViewGroup);   // 뷰 객체 생성 (View)
        buttonGrid = findViewById(R.id.buttonGrid); // 뷰 객체 생성 (View)
        btnReset = findViewById(R.id.btnReset); // 뷰 객체 생성 (View)
        btnReset.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                reset();    // 사용자가 View 클릭하면 Controller에서 작업 처리
            }
        });

        model = new Board();

    }

    public void onCellClicked(View v) {
        Button button = (Button) v;

        String tag = button.getTag().toString();
        int row = Integer.parseInt(tag.substring(0, 1));
        int col = Integer.parseInt(tag.substring(1, 2));
        Log.i(TAG, "Click Row : [" + row + ", " + col + "]");

        Player playerThatMoved = model.mark(row, col);

        if (playerThatMoved != null) {
            button.setText(playerThatMoved.toString());     // View와 Model의 의존성, 결합도 증가.

            if (model.getWinner() != null) {        // View와 Model의 의존성, 결합도 증가.
                winnerPlayerLabel.setText(playerThatMoved.toString());
                winnerPlayerViewGroup.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            }
        }

    }

    private void reset() {      // Controller가 작업 처리
        winnerPlayerViewGroup.setVisibility(View.GONE);     // Controller -> View
        winnerPlayerLabel.setText("");      // Controller -> View

        model.restart();        // Controller -> Model

        for (int i=0; i < buttonGrid.getChildCount(); i++) {
            ((Button) buttonGrid.getChildAt(i)).setText("");
        }
    }

}

Controller 역할

 

실행 결과

 

 

 

 

 

참고.

academy.realm.io/kr/posts/eric-maxwell-mvc-mvp-and-mvvm-on-android/

안드로이드의 MVC, MVP, MVVM 종합 안내서

github.com/ericmaxwell2003/ticTacToe

ericmaxwell2003/ticTacToe